ASTM C1113/C1113M-2009 用热丝(铂阻尼式温度计技术)测定耐火制品的导热性的试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforThermalConductivityofRefractoriesbyHotWire(PlatinumResistanceThermometerTechnique)
【原文标准名称】:用热丝(铂阻尼式温度计技术)测定耐火制品的导热性的试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC1113/C1113M-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C08.02
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:hotwire;refractories;thermalconductivity;Brick;Electricalresistance/resistivity;Fibers;Furnaces;Granularmaterials;Heatingtests--refractories;Hotwiresources/applications;k-Values;Platinumresistancethermometers(PRT);Refractories
【摘要】:Thek-valuesdeterminedatoneormoretemperaturescanbeusedforrankingproductsinrelativeorderoftheirthermalconductivities.Estimatesofheatflow,interfacetemperatures,andcoldfacetemperaturesofsingle,andmulti-componentliningscanbecalculatedusingk-valuesobtainedoverawidetemperaturerange.Thek-valuesdeterminedarex201C;attemperaturex201D;measurementsratherthanx201C;meantemperaturex201D;measurements.Thus,awiderangeoftemperaturescanbemeasured,andtheresultsarenotaveragedoverthelargethermalgradientinherentinwater-cooledcalorimeters.Thek-valuesmeasuredarethecombinationofthek-valuesforthewidthandthicknessofthesample,astheheatflowfromthehotwireisinbothofthosedirections.Thewater-cooledcalorimetermeasuresk-valueinonedirection,throughthesamplethickness.Thetestmethodusedshouldbespecifiedwhenreportingk-values,astheresultsobtainedmayvarywiththetypeoftestmethodthatisused.Dataobtainedbythehotwiremethodaretypically10to30%higherthandataobtainedbythewatercalorimetermethodgiveninTestMethodC201.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthermalconductivityofnon-carbonacious,dielectricrefractories.1.2Applicablerefractoriesincluderefractorybrick,refractorycastables,plasticrefractories,rammingmixes,powderedmaterials,granularmaterials,andrefractoryfibers.1.3Thermalconductivityk-valuescanbedeterminedfromroomtemperatureto1500x00B0;C[2732x00B0;F],orthemaximumservicelimitoftherefractory,ortothetemperatureatwhichtherefractoryisnolongerdielectric.1.4Thistestmethodisapplicabletorefractorieswithk-valueslessthan15W/mx00B7;K[100Btux00B7;in./hx00B7;ft2x00B7;x00B0;F].1.5Ingeneralitisdifficulttomakeaccuratemeasurementsofanisotropicmaterials,particularlythosecontainingfibers,andtheuseofthistestmethodforsuchmaterialsshouldbeagreedbetweenthepartiesconcerned.1.6Units8212;ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewiththestandard.1.7Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithit''suse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Q40
【国际标准分类号】:81_080
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforCalculatedCetaneIndexofDistillateFuels
【原文标准名称】:计算馏出燃料十六烷指数用标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD976-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.E0.02
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:机动车燃料;十六烷;十六烷值;数学计算;石油产品;工艺
【英文主题词】:cetane;cetaneindex;dieselfuel
【摘要】:TheCalculatedCetaneIndexisonetoolavailableforestimatingASTMcetanenumberwhereatestengineisnotavailablefordeterminingthisproperty.Itmaybeemployedforapproximatingcetanenumberwherethequantityofsampleistoosmallforanenginerating.Incaseswherethecetanenumberofafuelhasbeeninitiallyestablished,theindexisusefulasacetanenumbercheckonsubsequentsamplesofthatfuel,provideditssourceandmodeofmanufactureremainunchanged.TestMethodD4737mayalsobeusedtoapproximatetheASTMcetanenumberofdieselfuels.3.2.1ProcedureAofTestMethodD4737wasdevelopedasaresultofalargerdegreeofoffsetbetweenTestMethodD976CetaneIndexandtheresultsofTestMethodD613overtheentirerangeofthecorrelation.Generally,ithasbeenfoundthatuseofTestMethodD4737resultsinlessoffsetthanuseofTestMethodD976,buttherecanbespecificcaseswherethisisnottrue.3.2.2ProcedureAofTestMethodD4737isrecommendedtoestimatethecetanenumberofdieselfuelswithsulfurcontentsabove500ppmorNo.1x2013;Ddieselfuels.3.2.3ProcedureBofTestMethodD4737isrecommendedtoestimatethecetanenumberofNo.2x2013;Ddieselfuelswithsulfurcontentsatorbelow500ppm.CalculatedCetaneIndex,asdescribedinTestMethodD976x2013;80,isrecognizedbytheUnitedStatesEPAasanalternativemethodtomeettheU.S.FederalDieselaromaticslimitfordieselfuelscontaininglessthan500ppmsulfur.TheequationforCalculatedCetaneIndexinTestMethodD976x2013;80andinthisversion(D976x2013;06)ofthetestmethodarethesame.1.1ThistestmethodcoverstheCalculatedCetaneIndexformula,whichrepresentsameansfordirectlyestimatingtheASTMcetanenumberofdistillatefuelsfromAPIgravityandmid-boilingpoint.Theindexvalue,ascomputedfromtheformula,istermedtheCalculatedCetaneIndex.1.2TheCalculatedCetaneIndexisnotanoptionalmethodforexpressingASTMcetanenumber.Itisasupplementarytooltoestimatecetanenumberwhenusedwithdueregardforitslimitations.1.3TheCalculatedCetaneIndexformulaisparticularlyapplicabletostraight-runfuels,catalyticallycrackedstocks,andblendsofthetwo.Note1ThistestmethodistemporarilyretainedbecausetheproposaltotheU.S.EPAtocontroldieselfuelaromaticsconcentrationsviaa40CalculatedCetaneIndexminimumisbasedonthecorrelationbetweenTestMethodD976andaromaticsconcentration.TestMethodD4737isthepreferredmethodasestimatorofcetanenumber.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:HL7Version3Standard:NotifiableConditionReport
【原文标准名称】:健康等级7V3标准:应通知的情况报告
【标准号】:ANSI/HL7V3RRNCR,R1-2004
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ANSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Applicationlayer;Condition;Informationsystems;Informationtechnology;Medicalinformatics;Publichealth
【摘要】:TheNotifiableConditionReportcapturestheinformationneededtosupportcasereportingbetweendifferentjurisdictionallevelswithinthepubolishhealthsystem.Thisspecificationincludes,mostparticularly,reportingofcasessubjecttomandatoryreportingbystatute.Itsupportsreportingofnotifiablediseasesorconditions.Italsosupportsrelatedreportingsuchasthemessagesthatwouldbesentbyafieldinvestigationteambacktoitssupportinghealthdepartment.
【中国标准分类号】:C07
【国际标准分类号】:35_240_80
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语